Get biography information about Richard Widmark on tcm. It was successful enough for him to break his boycott of TV work as it spun off. Define honorary. honorary synonyms, honorary pronunciation. Relying on honor and not legally enforceable, as a duty or obligation. honorary (ˈɒnərərɪ. Consul (representative) - Wikipedia. For the Graham Greene novel, see The Honorary Consul. For the uses of consul as the chief magistrate of a city- state, see Consul. A consul is an official representative of the government of one state in the territory of another, normally acting to assist and protect the citizens of the consul's own country, and to facilitate trade and friendship between the people of the two countries. A consul is distinguished from an ambassador, the latter being a representative from one head of state to another. There can be only one ambassador from one country to another, representing the first country's head of state to that of the second, and his or her duties revolve around diplomatic relations between the two countries; however, there may be several consuls, one in each of several main cities, providing assistance with bureaucratic issues to both the citizens of the consul's own country travelling or living abroad and to the citizens of the country the consul resides in who wish to travel to or trade with the consul's country. Antecedent: the Classical Greek Proxenos. Unlike the modern position, this was a citizen of the host polity (in Greece, a city state). The proxenos was usually a rich merchant who had socio- economic ties with another city and who helped its citizens when they were in trouble in his own city. The position of proxenos was often hereditary in a particular family. Modern honorary consuls fulfil a function that is to a degree similar to that of the ancient Greek institution. Historical development of the terms. The term was revived by the Republic of Genoa, which, unlike Rome, bestowed it on various state officials, not necessarily restricted to the highest. Among these were Genoese officials stationed in various Mediterranean ports, whose role included duties similar to those of the modern consul, i. Although the Consolat de mar was established by the Corts General (parliament) of the Crown of Aragon, the consuls were independent from the King. This distinction between consular and diplomatic functions remains (at least formally) to this day. Modern consuls retain limited judicial powers to settle disputes on ships from their country (notably regarding the payment of wages to sailors). The Consulado de mercaderes was set up in 1. Seville as a merchant guild to control trade with Latin America. As such, it had branches in the principal cities of the Spanish colonies. The connection of . In francophone countries, a juge consulaire (consular judge) is a non- professional judge elected by the chamber of commerce to settle commercial disputes in the first instance (in France, sitting in panels of three; in Belgium, in conjunction with a professional magistrate). Consulates and embassies. Wong ga Jin si – (Royal Warriors/Line of Duty/Police Assassins/Ultra Force). TV movie: 1990: Shingo Juban Shobu: 1991. En el 2002 fue ganadora del Honorary Doctorate of Arts de la. Popular articles, stories & photos for October 23, 1986 in the Los Angeles Times news archives, including an extensive archive and timeline that can be browsed by. Get biography information about Douglas Fairbanks on tcm.com. TV-movie debut as a wealthy. Made an honorary Knight by the King of England for his. For the French government between 1. French Consulate. The office of a Consul is termed a Consulate, and is usually subordinate to the state's main representation in that foreign country, usually an Embassy, or High Commission between Commonwealth countries, in the capital city of the host state. Like the term embassy, the word consulate may refer not only to the office of consul, but also to the building occupied by the consul and his or her staff. The consulate may share premises with the embassy itself. Consular rank. He or she typically has one or several Deputy Consuls- General, Consuls, Vice- Consuls and Consular Agents working under the consul- general. Consulates- general need not have their offices in the capital city, but rather could have them in the most important/appropriate cities in terms of bilateral relations (commerce, travel, etc.). In the United States, for example, most countries have a consulate- general in New York City (the home of the United Nations), and some have consulates- general in several major cities (e. Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, San Francisco). The same is the case for other large countries like Germany - where many consulates- general are located in cities such as Bonn, Frankfurt, Hamburg, and Munich; the Russian Federation - where many consulates- general are located in St. Petersburg, Vladivostok, etc.; Canada - where many consulates- general are located in Toronto and Vancouver; Brazil - where many consulates- general are located in Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo; and Australia - where many consulates- general are located in Sydney, Melbourne, Perth and Brisbane. Authority and activities. As such, diplomatic personnel with other responsibilities may receive consular letters patent (commissions). Aside from those outlined in the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, there are few formal requirements outlining what a consular official must do. For example, for some countries, consular officials may be responsible for the issuance of visas; other countries may limit . Nonetheless, consulates proper will be headed by consuls of various ranks, even if such officials have little or no connection with the more limited sense of consular service. Activities of a consulate include protecting the interests of their citizens temporarily or permanently resident in the host country, issuing passports; issuing visas to foreigners and public diplomacy. However, the principal role of a consulate lies traditionally in promoting trade. And although it is never admitted publicly, consulates, like embassies, may also gather intelligence information from the assigned country. Consular districts. Immunities and privileges for consuls and accredited staff of consulates (consular immunity) are generally limited to actions undertaken in their official capacity and, with respect to the consulate itself, to those required for official duties. In practice, the extension and application of consular privileges and immunities can be subject to wide discrepancies from country to country. Consulates are more numerous than diplomatic missions, such as embassies. Ambassadors are posted only in a foreign nation's capital (but exceptionally outside the country, as in the case of a multiple mandate; e. Ambassador with several neighbouring states of modest relative importance that are not considered important allies). Consuls are posted in a nation's capital, and in other cities throughout that country, especially centres of economic activity and cities where large populations of citizens from the consul's home country reside (expatriates). Consulates are subordinate posts of their home country's diplomatic mission (typically an embassy, in the capital city of the host country). Diplomatic missions are established in international law under the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, while consulates- general and consulates are established in international law under the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations. Formally, at least within the US system, the consular career (ranking in descending order: Consul- General, Consul, Vice- Consul, Honorary Consul) forms a different hierarchy from the diplomats in the strict sense. However, it is common for individuals to be transferred from one hierarchy to the other, and for consular officials to serve in a capital carrying out strictly consular duties within the consular section of a diplomatic post; e. Between Commonwealth countries, both diplomatic and consular activities may be undertaken by a High Commission in the capital, although larger Commonwealth nations generally also have consulates and consulates- general in major cities. For example, Toronto in Canada, Sydney in Australia and Auckland, New Zealand, are of greater economic importance than their respective national capitals, hence the need for consulates there. When Hong Kong was under British administration, diplomatic missions of Commonwealth countries, such as Canada. After the transfer of sovereignty to China in 1. Consulates- General. A Consul General may also be responsible for consular districts which contain other, subordinate consular offices within a country. The Consul General serves as a representative who speaks on behalf of his or her state in the country to which he or she is located, although ultimate jurisdiction over the right to speak on behalf of a home country within another country ultimately belongs to the single ambassador. In most embassies, the consular section is headed by a Consul General who is a diplomat and a member of the ambassador's country team. Honorary consul. Such a consul may well combine the job with his or her own (often commercial) private activities, and in some instances may not even be a citizen of the sending country. Such consular appointments are usually given the title of honorary consul. In addition, the US Secretary of State (in a memo issued on August 6, 2. Nevertheless, for reasons previously communicated to the missions, United States Government policy requires that the maintenance and establishment of consular posts headed by honorary consular officers must be supported by documentation which makes it possible for the Department of State to be assured that meaningful consular functions will be exercised by honorary consular officers on a regular basis and that such consular officers come under the supervision of, and are accountable to, the governments which they represent. Government are American citizens, or permanent resident aliens who perform consular services on a part- time basis. The limited immunity afforded honorary consular officers is specified in Article 7. Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (VCCR). Such individuals do not enjoy personal inviolability, and may be arrested pending trial if circumstances should otherwise warrant. However, appropriate steps are provided to accord to such officers the protection required by virtue of their official position.
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